What type of sonnet consists of an octave with the rhyme scheme abbaabba, followed by a sestet?

The correct identification of the type of sonnet as the Italian Sonnet reflects its distinctive structure. An Italian Sonnet, also known as a Petrarchan Sonnet, typically consists of an octave followed by a sestet. The octave utilizes a rhyme scheme of abbaabba, which sets up a problem, situation, or emotional state. This is followed by the sestet, which usually addresses the resolution or reflection on the theme introduced in the octave.

The reason for this classification lies in the historical development of the form, originating from Italian poets like Petrarch, who utilized this structure effectively to convey deep emotional and thematic content.

While the Shakespearean Sonnet and English Sonnet feature a different rhyme scheme (ababcdcdefefgg) and consist of three quatrains followed by a concluding couplet, the Petrarchan Sonnet is essentially synonymous with the Italian Sonnet but is recognized for its specific connection to Petrarch. Thus, choosing Italian Sonnet accurately reflects an understanding of sonnet forms in poetry, particularly highlighting the significance of the octave and sestet structure in conveying a shift or turn in thematic focus.