Which of the following refers to language that employs one or more figures of speech, such as simile or metaphor?

The term that refers to language employing figures of speech, such as simile or metaphor, is figurative language. This type of language goes beyond the literal meanings of words to convey deeper meanings, create imagery, or express abstract ideas.

Figurative language enriches writing by allowing authors to evoke emotions, paint vivid pictures in the reader's mind, and make comparisons that illuminate the text’s themes or concepts. For example, saying “time is a thief” uses metaphor to suggest that time can stealthily take away moments from life, which is a deeper meaning than simply stating the passage of time.

When considering the other options, denotative language refers to the explicit, dictionary definition of words without any embellishment or figures of speech. Literal language is straightforward and does not use figurative language, conveying information in a clear and direct manner. Descriptive language focuses on detailed descriptions that stir the senses but do not inherently involve metaphorical or figurative expressions. Therefore, figurative language is the correct choice as it specifically encompasses the use of similes, metaphors, and similar literary devices.